01380nas a2200289   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260000900043653001500052653001400067653001300081653003600094653001600130653002000146653001300166653000900179653002300188653002800211653002300239653001800262653002100280100001700301245008200318300001000400490000700410520067300417       2022                            d  c202210aDeterrence10agray zone10ainfantry10aintermediate force capabilities10aland domain10amaritime domain10amobility10aNATO10anon-lethal weapons10aProtection of Civilians10astability policing10astabilization10aurban operations1 aSusan LeVine00aNonlethal Weapons and Intermediate Force: A Necessary Complement to Lethality  a55-660 v213 a<p>This article updates a previous publication, “Beyond Bean Bags and Rubber Bullets: Intermediate Force Capabilities Across the Competition Continuum,” highlighting the relevance of non-lethal weapons as intermediate force capabilities to the U.S. 2022 National Defense Strategy and NATO’s 2022 Strategic Concept. Intermediate force capabilities can strengthen deterrence, providing active or defensive measures to counter aggression below the level of armed conflict, enable military operations among civilian populations in urban environments, and support establishing post-conflict safe and secure environments for transition to host nation governance.</p>